Always follow the instructions for your specific formula brand. For premature babies, babies under 2 months, or babies with immune conditions, consult your pediatrician for additional guidance on formula preparation [1].
Preparing formula safely
Always follow the manufacturer's instructions for your specific formula — preparation requirements can differ between brands. The general recommended method is to boil fresh water, allow it to cool for about five minutes to no less than 70°C (to kill any bacteria that may be present in the formula powder) [1], add the correct number of level scoops, and mix well. Do not use water that has been boiled and then reboiled. Never add extra scoops — formula is calibrated for precise dilution.
Sterilising equipment
All bottles, teats, and feeding equipment should be sterilised before use. Methods include steam sterilisers, microwave sterilisers, cold water sterilising solution, and boiling in water for five minutes. After sterilising, allow equipment to air dry or dry with a clean paper towel rather than a cloth that may harbour bacteria.
Paced bottle feeding
Paced bottle feeding is a technique that more closely mirrors breastfeeding. Hold the bottle nearly horizontal (rather than tipping it steeply), allow the baby to latch onto the teat rather than pushing it in, pause every few minutes to allow the baby to rest, and stop when the baby shows signs of being full — turning away, slowing down, or becoming distracted.
Storage
Made-up formula can be stored in the fridge for up to 24 hours [1]. Do not leave made-up formula at room temperature for more than 2 hours [1]. Formula that has been started from a bottle should be discarded after one hour [1].